2022-2026 ACTION AGENDA EXPLORER
Healthy Shorelines
Across Puget Sound, 715 miles, or nearly 30 percent, of shorelines are armored, and over half of those are on private property. Shoreline armor, including seawalls and bulkheads, is intended to prevent erosion and protect homes and infrastructure. However, armor makes a dynamic shoreline static, disrupting many of the natural processes that replenish sand and gravel to the beaches of Puget Sound. With armored shorelines, beach material can wash away more quickly, threatening infrastructure and nearshore habitat. Armor can also leach toxics into the water supply and harm aquatic organisms. Impacts from armored shorelines include a loss of spawning habitat for forage fish and loss of food sources, rearing locations, and resting zones for juvenile salmon.
In some places, armor must be maintained to protect public safety and existing infrastructure. However, there also are many opportunities to preserve natural shorelines along Puget Sound where armor is not necessary, or to restore previously modified shoreline by removing armor or replacing it with more natural protective options called “soft shore protection.”1 For this strategy to be effective, regulatory programs, incentive programs for armor removal or replacement, and funding and technical support for project planning and implementation must work collectively to improve the effectiveness of protection policies, reduce demand for new hard armor and advance the pace and scale of shoreline restoration.
Implementing the Shoreline Armoring and other Implementation Strategies, supports the success of this strategy.
Protect habitat from conversion, fragmentation Remove barriers to flow
Actions
Increase and improve shoreline regulation implementation, compliance, enforcement, and communication. (ID #14)
Key opportunities for 2022-2026 include:
- Evaluate and improve implementation of existing shoreline regulations and policies (which could include single-family residences as well as emergency construction permits);
- Conduct effective and active compliance monitoring and enforcement to support and reinforce permitting decisions by state and local regulatory agencies;
- Identify nearshore restoration opportunities in industrial and municipal areas;
- Prevent conversion of nearshore habitats through voluntary acquisition and conservation easements;
- Review and improve shoreline regulations including the incorporation of potential future changes to shorelines from climate change (including sea level rise);
- Cultivate political support for regulatory staff to implement existing regulations and conduct compliance, monitoring, and enforcement.
Expand and improve incentives and education for residential property owners to motivate voluntary actions for healthy shorelines. (ID #15)
Key opportunities for 2022-2026 include:
- Educate, communicate with, and assist marine and shoreline property owners and the community to best pursue voluntary ecologically-friendly shoreline management alternatives;
- Combine communication with financial, social, and technical incentives (for example, tax benefits, market-based solutions, or restoration permit streamlining) to accelerate shoreline management on residential properties such as shoreline armor prevention and removal;
- Increase coordination among regional and local partners to ensure that existing knowledge and resources are leveraged, and that related programs are funded appropriately for the long-term.
Improve long-term strategic planning to reduce development (for example, armor) impacts in the future across all land-use types. (ID #16)
Key opportunities for 2022-2026 include:
- Develop and complete a standardized framework for parcel-scale mapping of Puget Sound shoreline attributes and prioritization of protection, followed by a comprehensive parcel-by-parcel prioritized analyses of all marine shorelines, by drift cell, that includes habitat value, ecosystem services, risk of development, vulnerability to sea level rise, and the frequency and intensity of storms;
- Make this information and other regional information and criteria easily accessible to inform strategic decision-making and land use planning;
- Improve education, coordination, and communication between agencies, partners, and community members to leverage and catalyze beneficial projects for restoration and habitat improvement;
- Implement restoration and protection to improve beach processes and function identified through strategic planning at multiple geographic scales.
Increase and improve coastal process-based design and technical training. (ID #17)
Key opportunities for 2022-2026 include:
- Educate private sector entities, landowners, engineers, consultants, and permitting agencies on increasing regional capacity to guide shoreline design processes and codevelop BMPs;
- Implement a regional monitoring strategy to assess cumulative effects and improve process design;
- Compile and analyze existing monitoring information on implemented armor removal and soft shore projects to improve project design;
- Develop a programmatic framework for technical training.
Implementation Considerations
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Human Wellbeing |
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Climate Change |
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Key opportunities for 2022-2026 to integrate human wellbeing consideration in efforts to protect and restore marine shorelines include: |
Key opportunities for 2022-2026 to integrate climate change responses in efforts to protect and restore marine shorelines include: |
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Ongoing Programs
Ongoing programs provide regulatory oversight, technical support, implementation resources, funding, or guidance and serve as the critical foundation for Puget Sound recovery. The following is a list of example state and federal ongoing programs that help to implement this strategy. Many more local, tribal nations, and nongovernmental programs exist that support this strategy.
What We're Measuring
We are achieving our recovery goals of increasing functioning habitat and maintaining thriving species and food webs in the Puget Sound region by increasing the amount of protected natural marine and estuarine, shorelines (those not armored), and by removing or softening armor where it currently exists on estuaries and marine shorelines. Indicators of success include:
Feeder bluffs in functional condition
This is a candidate progress indicator measuring the total extent of shoreline armor and the rate at which it is increasing or decreasing over time. This indicator is under development.
No reported data available
<p>This indicator measures the amount (length and percent) of Puget Sound feeder bluff shorelines that have been armored. Feeder bluffs are eroding coastal bluffs that deliver the sand and gravel to maintain Puget Sound’s beaches and spits. Beaches and bluffs provide critical habitat for the region’s fish and wildlife, including spawning beaches for forage fish and rearing habitat for juvenile salmon. Shoreline armor disrupts the natural supply of sediment and can lead to the loss of beaches and degraded nearshore habitat.</p>
This is a candidate progress indicator that would measure extent of new unpermitted armor, sound-wide. This indicator is in development.
No reported data available